Notes On Pompeii And Herculaneum

Pompeii Notes
By Michael Dotta & Anthony Demarco

i) Geography
ii) faith
iii) Political Aspects
iv) Social
v) Buildings
vi) Leisure Activities
vii) Occupations
viii) Archaeologists

i) Geography
Mt. Vesuvius AD79
Lies at the mouth of the Sarno River
Mt. Vesuvius is divorce of a chain of volcanoes that stretch through Italy.
The regions around the volcanoes is geologically unstable (e.g- earthquakes)
Fertile volcanic soil, which was the main part of Pompeiis agricultural industry- olive oil, wine, sheep products, millstones, fish sauce (garum), perfume, cloth.
On a main trade route on the Mediterranean.
A dawdle for wealthy Romans.
Pompeii covers 66 hectares.
7 metres of ash, lapilli (small rock fragments) & pumice cover Pompeii.
Herculaneum covered by 18m, which makes it more difficult to excavate.

The Eruption
24th solemn AD79, supported by written sources of Pliny the younger.
Earthquake 17yrs before.
2000 people were killed in Pompeii alone, by thermal shock, falling debris, hot ash & pyroclastic flow.
demise was painful- supported by plaster casts of human remains by Fiorelli.





ii) Religion

3 main temples in Forum:
Jupiter
Apollo
Minerva

Minor temples string out out through Pompeii.

Foreign gods eg:
Isis (Egypt)
Cult of Sabazius (Northern Greek & Asia Minor)
Judaism (Asia Minor)
Christianity

put forward of the Figured Capitals: Contained articles of worship to Greek God Dionysis (Bacchus)

Cults:
Isis
Mysteries
Bacchus (Cult of drinking and orgies)

Religion and politics

spiritual positions linked to politics
Certain clergical positions were chosen by election
Religious offices could be held by women eg priestesses of Isis

Household worship

Family alters used for ancestor worship
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